![]() Some observed efficiencies are given below:(Irrigation Efficiency)įor rice cultivation, the efficiency is- 32%Į=Water made directly available to the crop/Water released at head works × 100 Inadequate farmers knowledge on crop water requirement.įield application efficiency varies with type of soil and method of irrigation.Improper Irrigation system design, construction.Primary factors for low application efficiency are: Then the efficiency of application will beĪpplication efficiency=Ea =Water required to bring soil to FC level/Water received at field inlet × 100 To replace this amount it is necessary to deliver a total or gross depth of 12 cm of water to the field. To illustrate, consider a field, which needs 9 cm depth of water to bring the root zone to field capacity at the time of irrigation. (Irrigation Efficiency)If on the other hand, the amount of water applied grossly exceeds that actually needed for replenishment the irrigator application efficiency is very low. The application of the least amount of water required to bring the root zone moisture content up to field capacity is considered as efficient irrigation. Crop water requirement is defined by Doorenbos and Pruitt (1977) as “The depth of water needed to meet the water loss through evapotranspiration of a disease free crop, growing in large fields under non-restricting soil conditions including soil water and fertility and achieving full production potential under the given growing environment”. The purpose of irrigation is to replenish the available moisture in the root zone depleted by evapotranspiration. Inadequate design of the Farm Irrigation System.The decrease in efficiency can be attributed to losses occurring at various stages. ![]() In many areas increased irrigation efficiency would result in increased irrigation average and production as well as decreased problems with salinity and drainage. (iv) Irrigation efficiencies of irrigation projects– Many irrigation projects throughout the World operate with 25-40 per cent overall efficiency.(Irrigation Efficiency) Thus perhaps one third of the water released at the Project headwork is actually beneficially used for evapotranspiration by crops. PWUE = Rate of photosynthesis/Rate of transpiration (iii) Physiological water use efficiency (PWUE)– The physiological WUE is calculated in terms of the amount of CO2 fixed per unit of water transpired ![]() (ii) Field water use efficiency (FWUE) – It is the ratio of crop yield (Y) to the total amount of water used in the filed (WR) (i) Crop water use efficiency – It is the ratio of Crop yield (Y) to the amount of water used by the crop for evapotranspiration (ET).(Irrigation Efficiency)
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